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Dr Pimple Popper Removes Huge Lumps A Woman Had For A Decade After Ear Piercing
By Trevor Gerson Trevor Gerson Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar * , Mark Connelly Mark Connelly Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar , Madeline Boorigie Madeline Boorigie Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar , Jennifer Bickel Jennifer Bickel Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar and Jennifer Dilts Jennifer Dilts Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar
The treatment of migraine is evolving to include non-traditional approaches, as pharmacologic therapy alone is unsuccessful in many patients. Daith piercing, a cartilaginous ear piercing, has become popular as a potential nonpharmacological treatment option for migraine. However, there are no systematic data on the utilization and efficacy of these piercings. Therefore, we investigated the perceptions of pediatric patients regarding Daith piercing and gathered initial retrospective data for patients who had already received it. Patients presenting to a pediatric neurology clinic were invited to complete a questionnaire to assess knowledge about and attitudes towards Daith piercing and their willingness to undergo such a treatment. For those with a Daith piercing, the effects on headaches, function, and mood were evaluated. Of the 171 respondents, 61% had prior knowledge of Daith piercings, 27% knew someone with a Daith piercing, and 60% of patients presenting with headache were willing to undergo piercing. Of the eight patients (5% of respondents) who had already undergone piercing, six (75%) reported improvement in headaches, five (62%) had missed fewer days of school or work, and seven (87%) reported mood improvement. The high proportion of pediatric patients willing to undergo this form of treatment speaks to the desire for and acceptance of nonpharmacologic treatments. Although based on a small sample, the data from children who have already undergone Daith piercing is promising and supports a need for further systematic investigation into this treatment approach.
Headaches are some of the most common diseases in the world, with the most common types of headache (tension-type headache and migraine) comprising two of the top causes of years lived with disability in the world [1]. In children and adolescents, migraine affects approximately 5% of boys and 7.7% of girls and leads to moderate to severe disability in 28% of those affected [2]. Chronic migraine in particular, defined as having greater than 15 headache days per month (at least eight of which are migraines), occur in 2% of adolescents, and can significantly affect a child’s physical, social, and emotional development [2]. The level of disability in children with migraines has been found to be similar to children with rheumatological diseases or cancer [3].
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Preventative pharmacological therapies are used to decrease the frequency and intensity of headaches [4]. However, despite the widespread prevalence of pediatric migraine, there is only one preventive medication (topiramate) which has been aproved by the US Food and Drug Administration for use in pediatric patients (ages 12 and over). Off-label use of other medications to treat headaches in children is common [5]. Overall, however, a large percentage of headache patients do not get complete relief with pharmacologic therapies [6]. Further, certain medications such as opioids or butalbital that are sometimes used (against recommendations) to treat pediatric migraine can lead to worsening headaches and disability in the future [7, 8, 9].
The high prevalence of headaches in children and low efficacy of medical therapies for at least a subset of patients may lead some families to seek nonpharmacologic treatments. Data from two national health surveys have shown that 30% of respondents aged 10–17 years with headache reported using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) modalities, compared to 17% in those without headache [4]. Similar interest in CAM modalities has been reported in other studies of youth with chronic pain. In one study using data from the National Health Interview Survey, over 1 in 5 youth with a chronic pain condition (headache, abdominal pain, or musculoskeletal pain) had used CAM in the prior year, compared to use in less than 1 in 10 youth without a chronic pain condition [10]. In clinical samples of youth with headache or another chronic pain condition, the proportions of patients that had already tried a CAM modality are even higher (40–60%) [11, 12]. The most commonly used CAM modalities among children with chronic pain were found to be biology-based therapies (special diets and herbal supplements) and body-based therapies (e.g., chiropractice). Common reasons reported by parents of youth with chronic pain for seeking out CAM include that these treatments are “natural” and that they can improve general wellness. Over half of parents of youth with chronic pain report that CAM use led to improved overall health for their child [10].
In the past few years, a specific ear cartilage piercing, the Daith piercing (Figure 1), has become popular as an unconventional treatment that may have benefit for migraine. The Daith piercing has received widespread media coverage [13, 14]. Similar to the findings of relatively high interest in CAM modalities among youth with headaches or other chronic pain conditions, we have found in our pediatric headache clinic that patients with migraine frequently ask about the Daith piercing. However, a literature search at the time returned no data to use when counseling patients and their parents.
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We undertook the current study to better understand attitudes toward and experiences with Daith piercing as a headache treatment modality in our pediatric population. Specifically, we aimed to formally investigate our anecdotal findings that this was a subject in which patients were interested and were willing to undergo such a treatment. We also hoped to gather data from any patients who had already undergone Daith piercing in order to gain preliminary understanding of the risks and benefits of the treatment, and to determine whether a future prospective study might be warranted based on results. Since the completion of the current study, two case reports have now been published [15, 16] but still no systematic investigations have been completed.
The Children’s Mercy Kansas City (CM) Institutional Review Board approved this study (# 16110851). A convenience sample of patients who presented to the CM pediatric neurology clinic between July 2017 and December 2017 were eligible to participate, in an effort to maximize sample size within the approved study time period, and as there are patients who are seen in the general neurology clinic for headache rather than only in the headache clinic. This also allowed the comparison of primary headache patients to general neurology patients as controls. Participants completed a one-time questionnaire (Supplementary File) administered by clinic or research staff during their clinic visit. The questionnaire was developed by the study team to assess patients’ knowledge about Daith piercing and willingness to undergo the piercing. For patients who had undergone Daith piercing, they were prompted to answer additional questions about its perceived effect on headaches, function, and mood, as well as to report on any adverse events they experienced from the procedure. A demographic questionnaire also was administered to obtain data on participant characteristics including sex, age, race, ethnicity, primary language spoken at home, parents’ highest level of education, and household income.
Survey data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software (IBM). Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and point biserial correlations were used to describe the sample and to determine the association of demographic variables with Daith piercing attitudes and experience. Subgroup analyses of patients presenting with the chief complaint of headache were performed and then compared to non headache patients as a general control. Missing data were managed using case-wise deletion.
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The survey was completed by 171 patients, 119 (70%) of which described the primary reason for their visit as headache. Demographic information is provided in Table 1 and is generally representative of our patient population. Descriptive statistics for the responses to survey questions are provided in Table 2. Age appeared to be incorrectly reported on some surveys; ages ranged from 3 to 53, suggesting that in some cases the parent or guardian filling out the survey responded with their own age rather than that of the child. To account for this, for all analyes involving age, a cutoff of age 22 (the upper
We undertook the current study to better understand attitudes toward and experiences with Daith piercing as a headache treatment modality in our pediatric population. Specifically, we aimed to formally investigate our anecdotal findings that this was a subject in which patients were interested and were willing to undergo such a treatment. We also hoped to gather data from any patients who had already undergone Daith piercing in order to gain preliminary understanding of the risks and benefits of the treatment, and to determine whether a future prospective study might be warranted based on results. Since the completion of the current study, two case reports have now been published [15, 16] but still no systematic investigations have been completed.
The Children’s Mercy Kansas City (CM) Institutional Review Board approved this study (# 16110851). A convenience sample of patients who presented to the CM pediatric neurology clinic between July 2017 and December 2017 were eligible to participate, in an effort to maximize sample size within the approved study time period, and as there are patients who are seen in the general neurology clinic for headache rather than only in the headache clinic. This also allowed the comparison of primary headache patients to general neurology patients as controls. Participants completed a one-time questionnaire (Supplementary File) administered by clinic or research staff during their clinic visit. The questionnaire was developed by the study team to assess patients’ knowledge about Daith piercing and willingness to undergo the piercing. For patients who had undergone Daith piercing, they were prompted to answer additional questions about its perceived effect on headaches, function, and mood, as well as to report on any adverse events they experienced from the procedure. A demographic questionnaire also was administered to obtain data on participant characteristics including sex, age, race, ethnicity, primary language spoken at home, parents’ highest level of education, and household income.
Survey data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software (IBM). Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and point biserial correlations were used to describe the sample and to determine the association of demographic variables with Daith piercing attitudes and experience. Subgroup analyses of patients presenting with the chief complaint of headache were performed and then compared to non headache patients as a general control. Missing data were managed using case-wise deletion.
Can Nurses Have Ear Piercings?
The survey was completed by 171 patients, 119 (70%) of which described the primary reason for their visit as headache. Demographic information is provided in Table 1 and is generally representative of our patient population. Descriptive statistics for the responses to survey questions are provided in Table 2. Age appeared to be incorrectly reported on some surveys; ages ranged from 3 to 53, suggesting that in some cases the parent or guardian filling out the survey responded with their own age rather than that of the child. To account for this, for all analyes involving age, a cutoff of age 22 (the upper
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