Franklin Pierce (November 23, 1804 – October 8, 1869) was the 14th presidt of the United States, serving from 1853 to 1857. A northern Democrat who believed that the abolitionist movemt was a fundamtal threat to the nation's unity, he aliated anti-slavery groups by signing the Kansas–Nebraska Act and forcing the Fugitive Slave Act. Conflict betwe North and South continued after Pierce's presidcy, and, after Abraham Lincoln was elected presidt in 1860, the Southern states seceded, resulting in the American Civil War.
Pierce was born in New Hampshire. He served in the House of Represtatives from 1833 until his election to the Sate, where he served from 1837 until his resignation in 1842. His private law practice was a success, and he was appointed New Hampshire's U.S. Attorney in 1845. Pierce took part in the Mexican–American War as a brigadier geral in the United States Army. Democrats saw him as a compromise candidate uniting Northern and Southern interests, and nominated him for presidt on the 49th ballot at the 1852 Democratic National Convtion. He and running mate William R. King easily defeated the Whig Party ticket of Winfield Scott and William A. Graham in the 1852 presidtial election.
As presidt, Pierce attempted to force neutral standards for civil service while also satisfying the Democratic Party's diverse elemts with patronage, an effort that largely failed and turned many in his party against him. He was a Young America expansionist who signed the Gadsd Purchase of land from Mexico and led a failed attempt to acquire Cuba from Spain. He signed trade treaties with Britain and Japan and his Cabinet reformed its departmts and improved accountability, but political strife during his presidcy overshadowed these successes. His popularity declined sharply in the Northern states after he supported the Kansas–Nebraska Act, which nullified the Missouri Compromise, while many Southern whites continued to support him. The act's passage led to violt conflict over the expansion of slavery in the American West. Pierce's administration was further damaged wh several of his diplomats issued the Ostd Manifesto calling for the annexation of Cuba, a documt that was roundly criticized. He fully expected the Democrats to rominate him in the 1856 presidtial election, but they abandoned him and his bid failed. His reputation in the North suffered further during the American Civil War as he became a vocal critic of Presidt Abraham Lincoln.
Frank Pierce, 74
Pierce was popular and outgoing, but his family life was difficult; his three childr died young and his wife, Jane Pierce, suffered from illness and depression for much of her life.
Their last surviving son was killed in a train accidt while the family was traveling, shortly before Pierce's inauguration. A heavy drinker for much of his life, Pierce died in 1869 of cirrhosis. As a result of his support of the South, as well as failing to hold the Union together in time of strife, historians and scholars gerally rank Pierce as one of the worst
Franklin Pierce was born on November 23, 1804, in a log cabin in Hillsborough, New Hampshire. He was a sixth-geration descdant of Thomas Pierce, who had moved to the Massachusetts Bay Colony from Norwich, Norfolk, gland in about 1634. His father Bjamin was a lieutant in the American Revolutionary War who moved from Chelmsford, Massachusetts to Hillsborough after the war, purchasing 50 acres (20 ha) of land. Pierce was the fifth of eight childr born to Bjamin and his second wife Anna Kdrick; his first wife Elizabeth Andrews died in childbirth, leaving a daughter. Bjamin was a promint Democratic-Republican
Oktober 1999; New York, Ny, Usa; Schauspieler Nicolas Cage Als Frank Pierce
State legislator, farmer, and tavern-keeper. During Pierce's childhood, his father was deeply involved in state politics, while two of his older brothers fought in the War of 1812; public affairs and the military were thus a major influce in his early life.
Pierce's father sured that his sons were educated, and placed Pierce in a school at Hillsborough Cter in childhood and st him to the town school in Hancock at age 12.
Not fond of schooling, Pierce grew homesick and walked 12 miles (19 km) back to his home one Sunday. His father fed him dinner and drove him part of the distance back to school before ordering him to walk the rest of the way in a thunderstorm. Pierce later cited this momt as the turning-point in my life.
Frank P. Pierce
Later that year, he transferred to Phillips Exeter Academy to prepare for college. By this time, he had built a reputation as a charming studt, sometimes prone to misbehavior.
Novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne, a lifelong frid of Pierce, wrote the biography The Life of Franklin Pierce in support of Pierce's 1852 presidtial campaign.
In fall 1820, Pierce tered Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine, one of 19 freshm. He joined the Athian Society, a progressive literary society, alongside Jonathan Cilley (later elected to Congress) and Nathaniel Hawthorne, with whom he formed lasting fridships. He was the last in his class after two years, but he worked hard to improve his grades and graduated in fifth place in 1824
Francis J. (frank) Pierce
John P. Hale rolled at Bowdoin in Pierce's junior year; he became a political ally of Pierce's and th his rival. Pierce organized and led an unofficial militia company called the Bowdoin Cadets during his junior year, which included Cilley and Hawthorne. The unit performed drill on campus near the presidt's house, until the noise caused him to demand that it halt. The studts rebelled and wt on strike, an evt that Pierce was suspected of leading.
During his final year at Bowdoin, he spt several months teaching at Hebron Academy in rural Hebron, Maine, where he earned his first salary and his studts included future Congressman John J. Perry.
He th spt a semester at Northampton Law School in Northampton, Massachusetts, followed by a period of study in 1826 and 1827 under Judge Edmund Parker in Amherst, New Hampshire. He was admitted to the New Hampshire bar in late 1827 and began to practice in Hillsborough.
Life Of Franklin Pierce By Nathaniel Hawthorne
He lost his first case, but soon proved capable as a lawyer. Despite never being a legal scholar, his memory for names and faces served him well, as did his personal charm and deep voice.
In Hillsborough, his law partner was Albert Baker, who had studied law under Pierce and was the brother of Mary Baker Eddy.
By 1824, New Hampshire was a hotbed of partisanship, with figures such as Woodbury and Isaac Hill laying the groundwork for a party of Democrats in support of Geral Andrew Jackson. They opposed the established Federalists (and their successors, the National Republicans), who were led by sitting Presidt John Quincy Adams. The work of the New Hampshire Democratic Party came to fruition in March 1827, wh their pro-Jackson nominee, Bjamin Pierce, won the support of the pro-Adams faction and was elected governor of New Hampshire esstially unopposed. While the younger Pierce had set out to build a career as an attorney, he was fully drawn into the realm of politics as the 1828 presidtial election betwe Adams and Jackson approached. In the state elections held in March 1828, the Adams faction withdrew their support of Bjamin Pierce, voting him out of office,
Mr. Frank Pierce Obituary
But Franklin Pierce won his first election, a one-year term as Hillsborough's town meeting moderator, a position to which he was reelected five times.
Pierce actively campaigned in his district on behalf of Jackson, who carried both the district and the nation by large margins in the November 1828 election, ev though he lost New Hampshire. The outcome further strgthed the Democratic Party, and Pierce won his first legislative seat the following year, represting Hillsborough in the New Hampshire House of Represtatives. Pierce's father was elected again as governor, retiring after that term. The younger Pierce was appointed as chairman of the House Education Committee in 1829 and the Committee on Towns the following year. By 1831 the Democrats held a legislative majority, and Pierce was elected Speaker of the House. The young Speaker used his platform to oppose the expansion of banking, protect the state militia, and offer support to the national Democrats and Jackson's re-election effort. At 27, he was a star of the New Hampshire Democratic Party. Though attaining early political and professional success, in his personal letters he continued to lamt his bachelorhood and yearned for a life beyond Hillsborough.
Like all white males in New Hampshire betwe the ages of 18 and 45, Pierce was a member of the state militia, and was appointed aide de camp to Governor Samuel Dinsmoor in 1831. He remained in the militia until 1847, and attained the rank of colonel before becoming a brigadier geral in the Army during the Mexican–American War.
Florida Memory • Drawn Portrait Of Architect Frank Pierce Milburn
Interested in revitalizing and reforming the state militias, which had become increasingly dormant during the years of peace following the War of 1812, Pierce worked with Ald Partridge, presidt of Norwich University, a military college in Vermont, and Truman B. Ransom and Alonzo Jackman, Norwich faculty members and militia officers, to increase recruiting efforts and improve training and readiness.
Pierce served as a Norwich University trustee from 1841 to 1859, and received the honorary degree of LL.D.
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